Battery Intelligence · SoC & SoH

EV Battery — SoC & SoH

SoC = how full the battery is now. SoH = how healthy/capable it is compared with new. Keep them separate — never confuse “80% charged” with “80% healthy.”

SoC

How full is it now?

State of Charge tells you how much energy is currently available — the fuel gauge for today’s ride.

SoH

How healthy vs new?

State of Health tells you how much usable capacity has degraded compared with when the battery was new.

01 · SoC — State of Charge

SoC tells you how much energy is currently available. Prefer Ah from the BMS over voltage estimates.

Live SoC gauge

Separate from health

This gauge shows charge only — not battery health. Example: 27 Ah remaining on a 36 Ah pack = 75% SoC.

SoC = 75.0%

Best practical formula

Using ampere-hours (Ah)

SoC (%) = Remaining Capacity (Ah) ÷ Rated Capacity (Ah) × 100
For a 36 Ah battery:
SoC = Remaining Ah ÷ 36 × 100

If the BMS gives remaining capacity in Ah, this is preferable to estimating SoC from voltage.

If using voltage only

SoC (%) ≈ (Vcurrent − Vempty) ÷ (Vfull − Vempty) × 100
  • Vcurrent — current voltage
  • Vfull — voltage at 100%
  • Vempty — voltage at 0%

Voltage-based SoC is only an approximation and depends heavily on battery chemistry, load and temperature.

02 · SoH — State of Health

SoH tells you how much the battery’s usable capacity has degraded compared with when it was new.

Capacity-based formula

Most meaningful SoH

SoH (%) = Measured Full Capacity (Ah) ÷ Rated Capacity (Ah) × 100
For a 36 Ah battery:
SoH = Measured Capacity ÷ 36 × 100

SoH = 94.0%

Important: don’t calculate SoH from the current SoC. SoC and SoH are different.

For BMS work: if the BMS does not expose actual measured capacity, report SoH: Not Available — never show 100% just because the battery is currently full.

Battery Health Score

HealthScore = SoH

EVXPERTZ recommends a Battery Health Score based primarily on SoH, with supporting factors such as cell imbalance, temperature, cycle count and voltage deviation.

Battery Health: 94% — Excellent

SoH: Not Available

03 · Rating / health graph

Simple SoH bands for the dashboard — plus a 36 Ah capacity example table.

Simple rating

Based on SoH (HealthScore = SoH)

SoH / HealthScore Rating
90–100% Excellent
80–89% Good
70–79% Fair
60–69% Poor
< 60% Critical

Dashboard copy example: Battery Health: 94% — Excellent

36 Ah example

Measured capacity → SoH

Measured capacity SoH
36 Ah 100%
34 Ah 94.4%
32 Ah 88.9%
30 Ah 83.3%
28 Ah 77.8%
25 Ah 69.4%

Supporting factors for health score

Primary signal is SoH. Supporting context: cell imbalance, temperature, cycle count and voltage deviation.

Cycle count
Depth of Discharge
🌡Temperature
Cell imbalance
ΔVVoltage deviation

04 · Historical graph — SoH % vs date

Show SoH % vs date (or cycle number) on the dashboard. Keep SoC as a separate live gauge so users never confuse “80% charged” with “80% healthy.”

SoH history (illustrative)

SoH % over months

Educational example only (100% → 80%). Real packs vary by usage, climate and charging. Prefer SoH vs date or cycle number in production dashboards.

SoC

How full is the battery now?

Live gauge for daily range and charging decisions.

SoH

How healthy/capable vs new?

Health score + historical trend for long-term monitoring and replacement planning.

Track SoC daily. Monitor SoH for life.

Smarter data. Better decisions. Longer battery life — EVXPERTZ helps read SoC gauges and SoH health without mixing the two.